Eating vine ripened red juicy tomatoes from your own garden is a great source of summer pleasure. Here are some tips for producing a great tomato crop.
Select the right variety. There are more than 7,500 varieties of tomatoes to choose from. Select one right for your growing season and conditions. At the Borden Farm we prefer heirloom and open pollinated varieties.
Tomatoes like full sun and heat. Your tomato plants should get at least 6 hours of full sun each day.
Tomatoes like rich well drained soil. But if you over fertilize you will get more vines and fewer blossoms.
Provide sufficient water. At least an inch of water per week. Cut back slightly on watering when the fruit is ripening and you will get a meatier tomato.
Tomatoes like warm weather and a weed free growing environment. A biodegradable black plastic mulch keeps the weeds down and warms the soil temperature. A heavy layer of weed free mulch also keeps weeds down and serves to retain moisture.
If you want to freeze or can your tomatoes all at one time or have limited space, plant “determinate” tomatoes. They have shorter vines than the “indeterminate” tomatoes that produce tomatoes from mid summer until frost.
If you are growing your own plants from seed, wait until 5 to 7 weeks before the last expected frost to plant. A heat tray set at 70 degrees speeds germination. Make sure the plants get plenty of light and “harden them the off” for about 10 days before setting out in the garden. “Hardening” simply involves setting them outside in a shady wind protected area during the day and taking them back in at night. Plants not properly hardened off go into shock when transplanted are slow to recover or in some cases never recover.
If buying plants select stalky rather than leggy plants with dark green leaves.
When transplanting tomatoes, plant them deep. With tall plants lay the stem in a trench and cover with dirt leaving no more than 5 or six leaves above ground. The plant stem will develop roots below ground level.
If tomatoes blossom, but do not set fruit, pollination is not occurring. Use a “Q’ tip to lightly tap the blossom stem to spread the pollen.
If your tomatoes get black spots on the bottom or “bottom rot” it may be the result of inconsistent watering or wide fluctuations in garden temperatures or a calcium deficiency. If the tomato does not uniformly ripen, called “cat facing,” it may be the result of planting too early, insufficient water, or wide temperature fluctuation.
Too many tomatoes? Tomatoes are easy to can or freeze. And the aroma of cooking your own spaghetti sauce is great and the taste even better.
In the fall, covering tomatoes on frosty nights can extent your season. Or pick the green tomatoes and wrap them loosely in newspaper and place them in a dark cool, dry place until they ripen. Or for a real taste treat, try some “green fried tomatoes.”
Questions? Call us at 219-232-0848 or stop by the farm for a visit.